Standard cap & HBS cap: Should be taken on an empty stomach. Best taken at least 30 min before or 1 hr after meals, whenever possible. GI discomfort which occurs mainly in the early stages of treatment may be controlled by taking w/ food or liqd or by increasing the dose slowly. Swallow whole, do not chew/crush.
Dispersible tab: Should be taken on an empty stomach. Best taken at least 1 hr before or 1 hr after meals, whenever possible. GI discomfort which occurs mainly in the early stages of treatment may be controlled by taking w/ food or liqd or by increasing the dose slowly. Disperse in ¼ glass of water (approx 25-50 mL). Stir before drinking. Consume entire amount w/in ½ hr of dissolving the tab.
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Concurrent use or within 2 wk of withdrawal of non-selective monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors. Severe psychoneuroses or psychoses; severe endocrine, renal, hepatic or cardiac disorders; narrow-angle glaucoma; malignant melanoma; in patients < 25 yr, and pregnancy.
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CV disease, liver or renal disease, pulmonary disease, endocrine disorders, seizure disorders, psychiatric disturbances (e.g. depression); open-angle glaucoma, osteomalacia, history of peptic ulcer. Monitor hepatic, psychiatric, haematological, renal and CV functions periodically. Levodopa has been associated with somnolence and sudden onset of sleep; patients should not drive or operate machine if experienced such effects. Neuroleptic malignant-like syndrome has been reported on abrupt withdrawal. Long term use of Levodopa and/or dopamine agonists has been associated with behavioural disturbances such as hypersexuality, excessive gambling or shopping, punding. Should not be used in women of child-bearing potential without adequate contraception. Breast-feeding is not recommended.
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GI disturbances e.g. nausea, vomiting, anorexia, diarrhoea, taste disturbances. GI bleeding in peptic ulcer patients. Orthostatic hypotension, cardiac arrhythmias. Psychiatric disturbances e.g. mild elation, anxiety, agitation, insomnia, drowsiness, depression, aggression, hallucination. Somnolence, sudden onset of sleep episodes. Abnormal involuntary movements e.g. dyskinesia, dystonia, chorea. Haemolytic anemia, transient leucopenia and thrombocytopenia. Transient elevations of liver enzymes; increased BUN and uric acid.
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Increased postural hypotension and possible reduced absorption of Levodopa with TCAs. Reduced effects with phenothiazines, butyrophenones, thioxanthenes and other antipsychotic agents; reserpine, papaverine, phenytoin and isoniazid. Reduced absorption with ferrous sulphate. Pyridoxine (10-25 mg) may reverse antiparkinsonian effect of Levodopa in the absence of concurrent dopa-decarboxylase inhibitor. Exacerbation of abnormal involuntary movements and possibly delayed absorption when used with anticholinergics. Additive hypotensive effects with antihypertensive agents. Increased CNS toxicity with methyldopa. Exacerbation of parkinsonian symptoms with metoclopramide due to its antagonistic effects on dopamine receptor.
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N04BA01 - levodopa ; Belongs to the class of dopa and dopa derivative dopaminergic agents. Used in the management of Parkinson's disease.
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